Strategy & Leadership

UPM case study - Investing in the environment

March 11, 2009

Asia

March 11, 2009

Asia
Our Editors

The Economist Intelligence Unit

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When Finnish pulp and paper company UPM first entered the Chinese market ten years ago, it faced many of the potential threats to its supply chain that were prevalent in other developing markets: a variable quality of services and products from local producers, accompanied by weak safety and environmental standards. A decade later, the country’s ways of doing business have been transformed by changes such as stricter environmental standards imposed by the central government and an increasingly well-enforced rule of law. UPM has upheld strict safety and environmental standards, according to Pertti Salminen, head of Asia-Pacific UPM Paper Business Group. But its environmental expertise has also been a way to differentiate UPM from its competitors. UPM has its own code of conduct to which suppliers are expected to adhere, and is committed to ‘responsible sourcing’ of raw materials for its products.

The company’s approach to ethical and environmental standards has led it to stop working with some suppliers, despite its policy of trying to source materials locally. “In some cases, the quality is OK but the safety standards are not sufficient for us,” says Mr Salminen, adding that the company has had similar problems with some of its local suppliers of chemicals for paper manufacturing. “We had a problem with a packaging materials supplier, which had not fulfilled our environmental standards,” he says. “The quality and price of the product were set, but when we came to the environmental performance, they didn’t fulfil our requirements and survey criteria, and they were rejected".

UPM continues to do regular surveys of its suppliers, even if there is a long term relationship in place. “The biggest challenge is to train our own people in China to carry out our own surveys,” he adds. Today, the majority of UPM’s local and foreign competitors in China are using similar compliance rules to monitor local suppliers. According to Mr Salminen, any foreign companies that are investing in China need to be willing to put effort into their relationships with local companies if they want to maintain standards. “It’s not only giving quality specifications; you must really teach and educate your suppliers,” he concludes.

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